Types of Transmission Media
By ninjacraze
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
The means through which data is transformed from one place to another is called transmission or communication media. There are two categories of transmission media used in computer communications.
- BOUNDED/GUIDED MEDIA
- UNBOUNDED/UNGUIDED MEDIA
1. BOUNDED MEDIA:
Bounded media are the physical links through which signals are confined to narrow path. These are also called guide media. Bounded media are made up o a external conductor (Usually Copper) bounded by jacket material. Bounded media are great for LABS because they offer high speed, good security and low cast. However, some time they cannot be used due distance communication. Three common types of bounded media are used of the data transmission. These are
- Coaxial Cable
- Twisted Pairs Cable
- Fiber Optics Cable
COAXIAL CABLE:
Coaxial cable is very common & widely used commutation media. For example TV wire is usually coaxial.
Coaxial cable gets its name because it contains two conductors that are parallel to each other. The center conductor in the cable is usually copper. The copper can be either a solid wire or stranded martial.
Outside this central Conductor is a non-conductive material. It is usually white, plastic material used to separate the inner Conductor form the outer Conductor. The other Conductor is a fine mesh made from Copper. It is used to help shield the cable form EMI.
Outside the copper mesh is the final protective cover. (as shown in Fig)
The actual data travels through the center conductor in the cable. EMI interference is caught by outer copper mesh. There are different types of coaxial cable vary by gauge & impedance.
Gauge is the measure of the cable thickness. It is measured by the Radio grade measurement, or RG number. The high the RG number, the thinner the central conductor core, the lower the number the thicker the core.
Here the most common coaxial standards.
- 50-Ohm RG-7 or RG-11 : used with thick Ethernet.
- 50-Ohm RG-58 : used with thin Ethernet
- 75-Ohm RG-59 : used with cable television
- 93-Ohm RG-62 : used with ARCNET.
CHARACTERISTICS OF COAXIAL CABLE
- Low cost
- Easy to install
- Up to 10Mbps capacity
- Medium immunity form EMI
- Medium of attenuation
ADVANTAGES COAXIAL CABLE
- Inexpensive
- Easy to wire
- Easy to expand
- Moderate level of EMI immunity
DISADVANTAGE COAXIAL CABLE
- Single cable failure can take down an entire network
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Twisted Pair Cable
The most popular network cabling is Twisted pair. It is light weight, easy to install, inexpensive and support many different types of network. It also supports the speed of 100 mps. Twisted pair cabling is made of pairs of solid or stranded copper twisted along each other. The twists are done to reduce vulnerably to EMI and cross talk. The number of pairs in the cable depends on the type. The copper core is usually 22-AWG or 24-AWG, as measured on the American wire gauge standard. There are two types of twisted pairs cabling
1. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
2. Shielded twisted pair (STP)
1. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
UTP is more common. It can be either voice grade or data grade depending on the condition. UTP cable normally has an impedance of 100 ohm. UTP cost less than STP and easily available due to its many use. There are five levels of data cabling
Category 1
These are used in telephone lines and low speed data cable.
Category 2
These cables can support up to 4 mps implementation.
Category 3
These cable supports up to 16 mps and are mostly used in 10 mps.
Category 4
These are used for large distance and high speed. It can support 20mps.
Category 5
This is the highest rating for UTP cable and can support up to 100mps.
UTP cables consist of 2 or 4 pairs of twisted cable. Cable with 2 pair use RJ-11 connector and 4 pair cable use RJ-45 connector.
Characteristics of UTP
- low cost
- easy to install
- High speed capacity
- High attenuation
- Effective to EMI
- 100 meter limit
Advantages of UTP
- Easy installation
- Capable of high speed for LAN
- Low cost
Disadvantages of UTP
- Short distance due to attenuation
2. Shielded twisted pair (STP)
It is similar to UTP but has a mesh shielding that’s protects it from EMI which allows for higher transmission rate.
IBM has defined category for STP cable.
Type 1
STP features two pairs of 22-AWG
Type 2
This type include type 1 with 4 telephone pairs
Type 6
This type feature two pairs of standard shielded 26-AWG
Type 7
This type of STP consist of 1 pair of standard shielded 26-AWG
Type 9
This type consist of shielded 26-AWG wire
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Characteristics of STP
- Medium cost
- Easy to install
- Higher capacity than UTP
- Higher attenuation, but same as UTP
- Medium immunity from EMI
- 100 meter limit
Advantages of STP:
- Shielded
- Faster than UTP and coaxial
Disadvantages of STP:
- More expensive than UTP and coaxial
- More difficult installation
- High attenuation rate
Fiber Optics
Fiber optic cable uses electrical signals to transmit data. It uses light. In fiber optic cable light only moves in one direction for two way communication to take place a second connection must be made between the two devices. It is actually two stands of cable. Each stand is responsible for one direction of communication. A laser at one device sends pulse of light through this cable to other device. These pulses translated into “1’s” and “0’s” at the other end.
In the center of fiber cable is a glass stand or core. The light from the laser moves through this glass to the other device around the internal core is a reflective material known as CLADDING. No light escapes the glass core because of this reflective cladding.
Fiber optic cable has bandwidth more than 2 gbps (Gigabytes per Second)
Characteristics Of Fiber Optic Cable:
- Expensive
- Very hard to install
- Capable of extremely high speed
- Extremely low attenuation
- No EMI interference
Advantages Of Fiber Optic Cable:
- Fast
- Low attenuation
- No EMI interference
Disadvantages Fiber Optics:
- Very costly
- Hard to install
Comments
Nice answer! It is very easy way to understand transmission media in networking. Thank you!!!!!!!
it is very simple to understand transmission media and network connection cheers
good defination in simple language.
very good definition to understand in a simple language.
here no any detail and definition of unbounded media.
rashmi gand de
every understand this meterial,it is easy to understand transmission media,give real time example to quickly understand & remember transmission media
easy to understand ,give real time examples and explain transmission media
waoooo., thats the way 2 go
there is is no full information about unbound or unguided transmission media. would you say something?
thanks
very good explain.
AWESOME EXPLANATION FOR THIS PARTICULAR TOPIC.
THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
extremely good really
there is no answer on cable of wire media but thank anyway
Thank u
guided media k.......wat about unguided media
This not full information
good but not full information
bout unguided??
Good work on spelling there but a nice document cheers
Useful information provided ,for this particular topic. THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
very best material
what a whack
plz give information about d speed of each media in terms of banwidth
plz give information about speed of each media in terms of bandwidth
good information
good.... but if its having more deep defination then its good to refer....
clear description about transmission media components relating to network in very plain & simple language that can be easily understood ,thank you!!!!!!!!!
very easy understable matrial to every one
niceeeeee jobbbbbbb
'm feeling sleepy!!
gud...............
its very easy nd simple wording thanxx
SIMPLE AND EASY
its very easy nd simple wording thanxx
nice.. :D
excellent information
nice.........
Good but very short
Good
but unbounded ???
nice language
very good definition to understand in a simple language.
nice work,,,it help to me to understand what are medias of transmission,,and how they work,,,thanks
you guys make this look so easy
very good explanation
easy to under stand
bhosdi k mat padna adha km de rha h aur unbounded media to d hi nhi rkha bhenchod gandu randi dali madar chod
Good Article
keep it up
nice and easy way to understand the transmission media
THANX 4 SHORT&SUMMARISED NOTES ,BUT NO ENOUGH FIGERS AS EXAMPLES
ammmm informatiion 4 unbounded
Good Answer But only Some Word Maching question
better guidance guys keep up
you made it simple, nice work boy
i agree wit nilam...bt gud info...
wt abt unguided
i agree the article
it's to good
much useful and better
nice job................!
ya vry simple language
its good information
its good information
thanks.............it is very use full
it was helpful....
simple,helpful pls post some good examples with images
its easy to understand.....
where is the dscp of UNBOUNDED/UNGUIDED MEDIA
itzzzzzzz good for guided media but not for ungided media.............try to give the full answer...............students are waiting
really nice work done man!....... :))
aaaaayyyyyeeeeeeeeeeeee haaaayyyyyyyyyyeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee..................
gud information...
thanxxxxxxx jiiiiiiii.....
:)
this is very easy to understand. thyanxxxxxxxxxx
i hv a ? where is info about UNBOUNDED MEDIA.
satisfying n easy answer
siiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiira hai g.its very easy to understand
NICE NOTES
INKO PADOGE TO PASS BABA
nice theory
Nice notes
bawa g thoda btr notes bnao plz
sooooooo
easy
notes ki copy ghar bhejwa dena
take some rest.......other wise....you have to rest in peace..................
very short topic according to our standard
engg. make it large
shaheedon ki mazaron par lagaingai har baras mailai in notes ko padnai vaalon ka yahi baaki nishaan hoga.
MARJA BOZZZZZZZZZZZ KHANI KA
these are unlawful notes,the reader should bee hanged till death.
not satisfied they are not complet
good and easy ........
FRO BASIC CONCEPT .........IT IS GOO:)))))))))
we needed this for our pracs.....:)
very fine explanation are given for cables....thanx a lot
v badddddddddddddd
tuhadi phen9
tuhadi ben di
GOOD EXAMPLE SO FAR
where z unguided media?
very nice and good notes
very easy answar transmission media than.....
good info
good info for cisco CCNA
this is good.this is so easy
this is a very good informTION I like it
hello friends how are you.i m fine.
I have better ricive information
It seems simple to capture. . . . Very fine explanation. . . .
nice information about transmission media
Good explanation, talk some thing about unbound
wre is unguided media
good notes thenx
Awsummmmm!!!!! THANK YOU VERY MUCH...............
its easy to understand.........thank u very much........
its also easy to writing in the exam in a short time
Yeah that really well explainative, thanks for thant anyway, hmm...keep it up¡
thank u...good info
best informationnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
it is very easy to understand
its vry benifical n easy to understand.......
there iz no information about unguided media
Masallah nyceeee work
what about unguided media??????????????
nice artical
nice artical
very gud n undastandable information, thnx a lot cheer........z!
VERY NICE ARTICLES
well done but you forgot to explain unguided t.m
Very nice Answer. Thanks a lot.
comprehensible
thanks alot
There's no UNBOUNDED/UNGUIDED MEDIA information here. . .
Hope you could provide details for this topic,,
Nice...
great work......really helpful
gud...........
good collection.....like....
BRAVO ON THE NOTES BUT WHAT ABOUT ON UNBOUNDED MEDIA????????????
good
information is useless itz u buy nitin.k.wadin publisher bukz ...
Wonderful but what abt on unbouned
where is d next one
Thanxxxx its really helpfull! but wt about Unguided media?
the best meaning i have ever read!!! keep up the good work!!
ok ha
nice
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My application on degradable pousuivition for cancer and diabetes researcher to adjustify my courses as a researcher scientific who is particular on a track for cancer and diabetes with definition solution in degrading as affairs to our nations ; degeneration which can intervolve among our locality societies .
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I perfectly join a team of researcher with an ideas for cancer and diabetes with capacity of physics and technology as a student under a track of cancer and diabetes . In our localities disseminate information for cancer and diabetes carries out research organizing event to enable our scientific improvements working relations with local councilors and government achieve for cancer and diabetes solutions or to avoids in order to get advise in new research discovery the ideas in our communities .
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To my further acknowledgement information interesting activities in our communities to invest my research scientific for cancer and diabetes in education system perfectly which I am interested to become your partner in physics department as a searcher according to your administrators argument with my underlying philosophy for cancer and diabetes research out and distance courses to require this application ; describing scientific phenomena in rewording and intellectual undergraduate and graduate in cancer and diabetes researching for educational text .
My act accomplishment for cancer and diabetes as a searcher recently a great deal in professional skill to combine the old research with our model system to act sure with science and technology . The word important is for health I wish to inform you that I have sent directly my last cancer research discovery book to ISEC with some capacity notes and idea of teaching physics as a physician . Where do I make my power as a researcher particular ; is not because of online course ; is not different laboratories that I have been visiting ; what do I mean by my specific life career as a track researcher particular for cancer and diabetes I hope is because of hard working . Normally according to my research discovery for eight years and two year online courses I have ran good obstacles race ; today am changing my research scientific courses with many universities abroad ; researchers associations ; physicians and cancer and diabetes hospitals . I have never study many tracks of health even when I was in cross river calabar Nigeria where I started developing my research .
Physician leaders ;Healthcare leaders are finding that physician integration will be critical for achieving the increased efficiencies and coordination necessary for meeting healthcare reform standards and for producing savings drugs for cancer and anybody microbes . Although integral to the formation of accountable care organizations, hospitals are pursuing physician integration regardless of plans to create an ACO because of the changing the laws and the medicinal strategies in healthcare. While these changes are just beginning, several chief medical officers and medical affairs executives share challenges and strategies to establ
Dear collaborators
I will keep on singing the same thing ; Please try and be sure if I can do . I have said that am ready to send blood cancer drugs blood cancer juice ; blood cancer bread ; blood cancer perfusion ; blood cancer feeding ; breast cancer drugs ; breast cancer perfusion ; breast cancer injection ; breast feeding ; breast cancer medicinal bread ; breast cancer juice and diabetes treatment with hypertension treatment without asking for any kindly do ; just to prove that am a searcher . The only help that you can do is to send certificate or tell me to write my capacity research and discovery ; if you cannot believe me .
Thanks ; Please for all this time that I have not be answering any notes it is because I all ways travel to my country for more researcher actually I am free with some difficulties ; but for cancer and diabetes I have gone through with my research . What do I need for you is certificate I think ; if you are not sure of my research discovery cancer and diabetes drugs ; please do it in this way ; send me message about cancer or diabetes tell me to direct you how to cure cancer diabetes in my own capacity of research discovery .
For example blood cancer ; breast cancer ; eye cancer prostate cancer and diabetes to be sure of your certificate I have not ask for two things ; please if you that I can cure cancer and diabetes just do a test ; so that I can write my step of cancer and diabetes treatment .
I know that am poor to send you my discovery drugs so that you should test ; if you have means that can send please send on my email so that I should do .
I cannot do as possible as you think because am poor or you should contact in your embassy to easy my way to send the cancer and diabetes throughout your ambassador . I know this when you will send the certificate I will be able to work hard make more money and to be supply my drugs of cancer and diabetes to many countries .
Please easy my difficulties and what do you want me to do call me or write to me +237 7709 4786 / +237 9007 1153 . Thank you very much am waiting for you ; this is my full manes Kimbi Lawrence Yuh ; God bless all .
I am a searcher focusing for cancer and diabetes if you love a searcher wait for better doctor . Now am a doctor for cancer and diabetes still a student in medical field . acting as a physician .
My application on degradable pousuivition for cancer and diabetes researcher to adjustify my courses as a researcher scientific who is particular on a track for cancer and diabetes with definition solution in degrading as affairs to our nations ; degeneration which can intervolve among our locality societies .
My perfectly innovation for cancer and diabetes in our communities is just as a system of my private hopes combined as innovate with broken level of my career researcher scientific as a track particular urgent for cancer and diabetes with an aim of inncu-ous responsibility courses in human psychological reliabilities to involve with philosophy acting as a field physician .
My sampling courses to be defensible with asset deep dyed solution innovate of cancer and diabetes statistic of education which can be the over view future solution of cancer and diabetes treatments in our countries ; why caries our this words “say “ together we defeat cancer and diabetes that be approach to do the research in our surrounding environments .
My permission to receive the out site courses as a researcher of cancer and diabetes conspicu-ous to remain with my environments discovery drugs as a search cancer and diabetes in educational level with situation defensively in physician field conspiratorial statistics for cancer and diabetes educational rules to avoids cancer and diabetes in our local communities .
The source of my strategy for integration on education in Cameroon ; when I complete my secondary degree approve with complexification and computant innovate in upper sixth for exemption focus with research as a environmentalist scientific researcher .
I perfectly join a team of researcher with an ideas for cancer and diabetes with capacity of physics and technology as a student under a track of cancer and diabetes . In our localities disseminate information for cancer and diabetes carries out research organizing event to enable our scientific improvements working relations with local councilors and government achieve for cancer and diabetes solutions or to avoids in order to get advise in new research discovery the ideas in our communities .
My constructive working relationship to join the cancer and diabetes of education authorities which is a key part of accessing power and decision working on behalf of our communities field according to our environmental meteorology drugs capacities as check point for resistance ; existing ; and expiring on the space focusing innovation impact .
My research discussing of cancer and diabetes in education ideas for changes and related with cancer and diabetes specification capacities of research which is probabilities in having a local community backing to our environments scientific researches for cancer and diabetes as a project that can make a huge difference to the success of our scheme .
My further information about cancer and diabetes in education program along the race with some cases studies from abroad which I am a student of five universities of distance courses from abroad online throughout internet with physicians ; and hospital s while changing courses with association ; co-operative medical investigators scientific researchers invest intellectuals as my partnership for cancer and diabetes from ENGALND ; U SA . CANADA and INDIA which we are asserting experience for cancer and diabetes together .
To my further acknowledgement information interesting activities in our communities to invest my research scientific for cancer and diabetes in education system perfectly which I am interested to become your partner in physics department as a searcher according to your administrators argument with my underlying philosophy for cancer and diabetes research out and distance courses to require this application ; describing scientific phenomena in rewording and intellectual undergraduate and graduate in cancer and diabetes researching for educational text .
My act accomplishment for cancer and diabetes as a searcher recently a great deal in professional skill to combine the old research with our model system to act sure with science and technology . The word important is for health I wish to inform you that I have sent directly my last cancer research discovery book to ISEC with some capacity notes and idea of teaching physics as a physician . Where do I make my power as a researcher particular ; is not because of online course ; is not different laboratories that I have been visiting ; what do I mean by my specific life career as a track researcher particular for cancer and diabetes I hope is because of hard working . Normally according to my research discovery for eight years and two year online courses I have ran good obstacles race ; today am changing my research scientific courses with many universities abroad ; researchers associations ; physicians and cancer and diabetes hospitals . I have never study many tracks of health even when I was in cross river calabar Nigeria where I started developing my research .
Physician leaders ;Healthcare leaders are finding that physician integration will be critical for achieving the increased efficiencies and coordination necessary for meeting healthcare reform standards and for producing savings drugs for cancer and anybody microbes . Although integral to the formation of accountable care organizations, hospitals are pursuing physician integration regardless of plans to create an ACO because of the changing the laws and the medicinal strategies in healthcare. While these changes are just beginning, several chief medical officers and medical affairs executives share challenges and strategies to establ
kutooo [pura to likha kro.
thq it is easy
very goodddddddddd
i think its good for easy remain in bullets point i like it
the types of tr., media is helpful to us...
BAKWAS
very good but i dont understand
Very nice, but what about Unbounded media???
thanks a lot fr d information...
thanx for a simple understanding and easy way of explanation..........
This provide me a good information
good information
nicely explained!
very good
i like it
tahnkssssssssssssssssssssss
Yap its nice! Gd
its very good ,but where is unbounded media
chawala ni mari gia aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
it's very godd...nice information about the transmissin media
Bounded media is explaned but what about unbounded media ......saaloo...
nice
it is very useful information for me because this is included in my syllabus...please similarly give information about unguided media.....thank u g..
Very Helpful.....
52563226\
very helpful & good
iluv ranbirrrrrrrrr
thank u for all the information it is useful for me.thank u very much.
very nicely explained
Well understood.Thanks
very gud info...it is helpful for me to prepare a report...
NICE INFORMATION ABOUT TRANSMISSION MEDIA
really osm response....................
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF UNBOUNDED TRANSMITTION MEDIA WITH DISADVANTAGES AND ADVANTAGES
BHAIYA JI UNGUIDED MEDIA OR DAL DO HAI NA...........
unguided media kahan hy...wo kia hm kud likhy kia
gud information........................................................
good notes in simple and undrestandble language bt no any details about unbonded media
it is very easy to examples in each point...
very goooooooooood
Thnx very nice easy to understand
it is very helpfull nd easy to understand
so thanks
no diagrametic representation?????????????///...beside good stuff
it would have better with digramm.........
very nice,.,.,.
THE DATA IS INCOMPLETE.BUT ANY THANX
PONKA
Very good explnation..
thanks
Easy to understand
very eazy language for understanding to transmission media
It is helpful..
its great
good hai
Nice data collection
very nice information.I like this information. It is very easy to understand. and thanx so much
well & understandable
pad lya par pata nahi laga kuj
DESCRIPTION OF UNGUIDED MEDIA PSE BE GIVEN
good
It helps me to prepare my degree note..
good
thank u
Thnx.. Vry simple language is used.Easy to understand.
very goooooooooooooooood this information is help on my project
Thanks for the explanation of guided media.plz explain the type of unguided media.
nice def & easy language to understand
Thanx,it has ril assisted me to cary out mah research wit easy
Thanx,it has ril assisted me to cary out mah research wit easy
A BIG THANKS FOR THIS ANSWER CAUSE
THIS ANSWER IS VERY NICE.
Good work keep it up
nice notes .i had a good lecture with these notes
it has cleared our doubts
relay nice work and you do hard work thank you
good work and nice note
thnq......
help full information
WHERE 's THE HELL IS UNGUIDED TRANSMISSION MEDIA
no information abt unbounded media...........
good info , but you must provide wireless media related info also...
very helpful material about guided media.thnx
Thanks for you..................
this is a very useful information that will help me with my information technology subject
VERY GOOD INFO.
I lke this ..
Nice and use full to all
WOW AWSM INFOOOOOOOOOO
Excellent work
Thanx..it helped me but what about unbounded media??
these notes proved very good help for me
super and very easy for understanding
very good notics
No information at all !!!! what about the unbounded mediaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahhhhhhhh!!!!!!!!! :O
VERY HELPFULL PLEASE KEEP IT UP
very nice explain UTP & STP
Needa know about the unbounded media dude
good explanation... need to know about unguided media too...
Jeff 2 years ago
Good work on spelling there but a nice document cheers